Ethical Legacy

In my opinion, one of the activities has a positive impact on the work ethic that is voluntary. Every year, I participate in volunteer activities each summer or in the spare time. My friend and I have organized the charity work; participate in community activities and work actively to protect the environment.We have organized clubs such as teaching charity for poor children who cannot afford to go to school in the neighboring provinces, building compassion for the poor and gatherings were held on special occasions particularly for children(such as mid-autumn festival and international children's day). We build and do many activities such as selling newspapers, books, souvenirs handmade and sale them. All benefits in the activities will be contributed to buying your textbooks for poor students learn.These Jobs helped me more pleasure, relieve the stress of learning hours at school, and bring Joy to your child. In addition, I am also actively involved in environmental protection which is energy saving, waste sorting, k littering in public places. Keeping the environment green and clean more. It's Just little things, but it also contributes to the reduction of illiteracy rate in Vietnam, help for the poor people who are stagnated, they have to earn their living hard to get the food out daily. In volunteering, I remember that activity â€Å"the exam season† and â€Å"Relay to school. It is an organization of volunteer team: consultants, candidates and help the candidates about where to eat, stay, and travel, venues and guide to the exam registration process, keeping participants security and order, traffic safety in college entrance exam scores at the school. And organize activities â€Å"to the 2013 Relay† with the contents: admissions guidelines; selected industries, consulting, search the motel, etc to support the students; first-year students enter the school. I think that volunteer activities are an activity most meaningful to me.Because, volunt eer activities are not only helped me develop professional competence, wisdom and his zeal to contribute to the economic development of culture and society in a number of localities, but also through the activities volunteer promote the collection, solidarity, education and the environment to students, give students the knowledge, practical approach, trained public relations capacity, the main character and bravery treatment to best meet operational needs social needs education of youth and adult students.

The boundary between normal and pathological

The boundary between normal and pathological aging is difficult to define because cognition is not homogenous in the elderly. Moreover, there is also a large heterogeneity in the performance within different domains of cognition and even within the subsystems of one specific domain, for example, memory. However, some general factors have been identified in normal cerebral aging, which might be important mediators between age and cognition.There is a decrease in the capacity of working memory and information-processing speed as well as problems in the inhibition of nonrelevant information (Van der Linden et al., 1999). Thus, most elderly persons will exhibit mild difficulties in acquiring new information that do not have any repercussions on everyday activities.Behavioral medicine research over the past several years has identified a number of characteristics that affect the development and course of cognitive impairment and coronary disease in elderly. Included among these psychosoci al risk factors are hostility, depression, social isolation, high job strain, and low socioeconomic status.The specific mechanisms whereby these factors influence the pathogenesis and prognosis of major causes of death such as coronary heart disease (CHD), but considerable research points to accompanying health behaviors (smoking, dietary habits, and alcohol consumption) and biological characteristics (altered functions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems) as likely mediators.Finally, research evaluating interventions targeting psychosocial risk factors in groups of patients with CHD and cognitive impairment offer considerable promise that secondary prevention will be shown to have an important place in the treatment and rehabilitation of these aging diseases. The purpose of this work is to review specifically cognitive impairment and coronary disease in elderly and call attention to the important but often overlooked a correlation in cognitive impairment and coro nary heart disease in elderly.Physical and psychological risk factors will be studied in relation to the development of coronary heart disease and cognitive impairment. This research, in which information regarding life events prior to sudden cardiac death was obtained, reveals that there is a reverse process where coronary heart disease can lead an individual to cognitive impairment.Research on what can be done about the modifiable risk factors in order to prevent or at least minimize the chances of getting cognitive impairment and coronary heart disease receives detailed consideration in the work.

Dancing with self beauty alice walker Essay

What is a scar? A scar is something that can be covered but never erased. Scars can change a person’s self-esteem and self- worth, relationship with people, and your perception of yourself. A scar can help you find beauty deep down inside just like Alice Walker did. Scars cannot tear you down you are the only one can, its either you live a lie or just accept the true you, which one would you choose? Walker also had problems with self-esteem in her life when her brother shot her in the eye with a BB-gun that left one of her eyes blind. According to walker her life was over â€Å"For six years I do not stare at anyone, because I do not raise my head†. I grew up a tomboy who played with nothing but boys and maybe one or two girls. I was always happy, and a just a big jokers until I started my middle school year and identified hair on my chin. I have suffered with this problem for the longest. I considered myself as different from most girls. When I got the hair on my chin I did not want to be bothered with anybody, I used to hold my head down and kind of slouch so no one wouldn’t see it. My whole attitude changed I went from the girl who used to love herself so very much into the girl who couldn’t stand to look in the mirror. But that should’ve have changed me nor Walker because you can’t look down on yourself just because you have a scar you are who you are no matter if it’s there or not. The scar also changed the relationship with her siblings. From the article Everyday life by K. Nola Mokeyane she said â€Å"sibling’s relationships are important component of children’s social and emotional development. The Child Welfare Information Gateway notes that through their relationship with their siblings, children learn skills such as conflict resolution and negotiation; healthy relationships also provide siblings with a support network. As with anything in life, siblings relationships have positive and negative aspects. Walker started to develop to like on sibling more than the other brother. One of the siblings brought both positive and negative change in her life. The brother who shot her with the BB gun when she was younger and made a big difference in her life and she just was less closer to him just like any other siblings in life. â€Å"What the matter with your eye? † they ask, critically. When I don’t answer with (I cannot decide whether it was an â€Å"accident† or not), they shove me, insist on a fight. My brother, the one who created the story about the wire, comes to my rescue. But then brags so much about â€Å"protecting† me, I become sick. It seems like she is still never forgave her brother for what he had done to her eye and began to not really like him as much. Since her brother was kind of a part of the accident so she kind of liked him better. For some reason he understood her more. â€Å"He is my favorite brother and there is a strong bond between us. Understanding my feelings of shame and ugliness he and his wife take me to a local hospital, where the â€Å"glob† is removed by a doctor named 0. Henry. There is still a small bluish crater where the scar tissue was, but the ugly white stuff is gone. † I to can relate to her by this I had a problem with the hair under my chin still to this very day and my mother wanted to help me out by getting lazer hair remover but I insist on doing so because it really wouldn’t make a difference if I got it removed or not, sometime down the line it still was going to be there no matter what I did. It is so much that family members are siblings can do for you, but you are the one who really have to decide what you are going to do with yourself. People don’t make you and how they change you, you do. According to Answers in Writing â€Å"Sometime we imagine ourselves as different than what we really are one way at least we picture ourselves as this, yet in reality we do not fit this picture. We think we are kind gentle, when in truth we have very little patience for things. We may see ourselves, it is good to see ourselves as exemplary students, but we hate to be wrong. However we picture ourselves, it is good to see ourselves for who we really are. Perception can be altered, whether it is how we see the world or how we see ourselves. All it take is a little honesty, without trying to make ourselves feel better, which is what we usually do when we see what we call faults in ourselves. We try to feel better about it, and this often means we find ways to alter behavior. We try to change how we are to supplement our perceived faults. We are far better off just seeing ourselves for who we are, leaving it at that. Walker use to be the prettiest girl that knew she was pretty and now she is kind of confused. She is worried about what other people think which is stopping her from seeing the positive in her life. â€Å"Years later, in the throes of mid-life crisis, I ask my mother and sister whether I changed after the â€Å"accident†. No, they say, puzzled. What do you mean? † What do I mean? Walker was question herself about who she really was are did she change and she wanted to see what other people such as her family and how they viewed her too. But it was all in the mind of how she saw herself. â€Å"That night, as I do every night, I abuse my eye. I rant and rave at it, in front of the mirror. I plead with it to clear up before morning. I tell it I hate and despise it. I do not pray for sight. I pray for vision. † She must have really seen herself as this person who so ugly until she got it removed but that didn’t change her she had to see herself from within. Many times I put myself in situation where I just look in the mirror and wish some things would go anyway but it doesn’t, you can put make up on, put hair on your head but it want change anything. Walker finally sees herself as this beautiful person. She keep questioning herself â€Å"You did not change they say. † But she finally realizing everything when she is by her daughter and she is talking to her daughter. Walker says â€Å"Since the birth of her daughter she has worried about her discovery that her mothers’ eyes are different from others people’s. Will she be embarrassed? I think. What will she say? Every day she watches a television program called Big Blue Marble. It begin with a picture of earth as it appears from moon. When walker was putting her baby to sleep her daughter Rebecca focus on her eye. She began wanted to protect herself but her daughter didn’t see her eye as such ugliness her daughter tells her there is a world in her eyes. From the perception of her daughter she began to accept herself. â€Å"Yes indeed , I realized, looking into the mirror. There was a world in my eyes. And I saw it was possible to love it. In conclusion scar is something that can be covered but never erased. Scars can change a person’s self-esteem and self- worth, relationship with people, and your perception of yourself. It would not make you who you are you can only make you who you are. Theirs is nothing no one can do to change it. You can never change something and in my eyes she never changed. She still look back and think about her eye.

Low and High incidence disabilites and gifts and talents Essay

Low and High incidence disabilites and gifts and talents - Essay Example This second website is also informative and gives brief information regarding behavioral and emotional disorder. This website was through Council for Exceptional Children. From this website I learned that substantial behavioral deficits or excesses are shown by those pupils with emotional and behavioral disturbances. Both terms relate to the behavioral patterns that substantially depart from others expectations. Recently, "behavioral disorders" has acquired prefer over "emotional disturbance" for labeling more exactly which further results in more determined decision making as well as fewer negative intensions. This website is also informative and can be used for professional information regarding emotional and behavioral disturbances (Behavior Disorders/Emotional Disturbances). This third website provides detail knowledge about low incident disabilities. From this website I understand that for providing free and proper education to pupils with disabilities, classification of learners in incident terms would be useful. Within this type of system, those pupils with most common disability might be more suitably helped by regional schools; however, pupils with comparatively uncommon disabilities might not find extremely qualified personnel or enough resources. As for providing good information about high incident disabilities, this website can be used for professional purpose (What are low-incidence disabilities?). Generally, at any particular period all of the disabilities that are included in Low-incidence disabilities don’t exceed 1percent in population that is school-age. Every pupil with low-incidence disabilities feel commonness: thus such pupils are hard to help in recent regional school programs. This website is informative and therefore used as for professional purpose (Watts, 2010). This last website provides knowledge about ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder) and gift and talent. This website generally explains the

Report to the Directors of USPS diagnosing the state of affairs and Essay - 1

Report to the Directors of USPS diagnosing the state of affairs and offering some prognosis on what might be a more sustainable business model - Essay Example However, reduction of certain required expenses will lead to a decline in the company’s service quality. For example, the Post Office decides to cut the services of the one of the mail sorting employees. The cut is based on the company’s decision to reduce its huge employee salary payments. The employee reduction will trigger a slow customer mail services. The current business model includes a ballooning debt figure. The debt included an unpaid $5.5 billion amount on its defaulted loan schedule. In fact, the current business model is characterized as not a profitable self-maintaining business entity. Likewise, the current business model is described as needing to sacrifice its services in order to reduce its operating expenses. For example, the lone postman is hired as a part time employee to deliver mails on a Wednesday and Friday. Consequently, mails that arrive on a Monday will be delivered two days later, Wednesday. Similarly, mails that arrive on a Thursday will be delivered on a Friday (Ross, 2012). The same article described the current business model is grounded on low stamp and parcel rates. The current rates of mailing the correspondences were not high enough to surpass the breakeven point. Consequently, an increase in the stamp and other post office rates will lead to the increase in the company’s overall revenue (Ross, 2012). The current business model fails to generate enough revenues needed to pay for the maturing debts (Epstein, 2011). A business is normally set up in order to generate revenues. This is the first step. The USPS accomplished this first business task. Next, the company must generated net profits. The net profit amounts are arrived at by subtracting operating expenses from the gross profit amount. Based on the company financial report, Table 1, the company failed to generate enough revenues needed to arrive at the bottom line. The bottom line is the passing grade of any company. The bottom line equates to a net

Joseph addai Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Joseph addai - Research Paper Example He was named an All-American by ESPN and Fox Sports, and was rated as a top 100 recruit. Addai graduated from high school and moved into increasing opportunities at Louisiana State University. During his tenure with the Louisiana State University Tigers, he ranked fifth all-time in rushing, with 2,577 yards, despite being primarily used as a blocking fullback early in his career. He wore two numbers while at LSU, 41 in his early years and then number 10 in his final years. Addai started his stint at LSU in 2001, but after only two games was granted a medical red shirt. The following season, he carried the football 80 times, gaining 438 yards, and scoring four touchdowns. His first big game came against the University of South Carolina, during which he gained 98 yards on eleven carries and scored two touchdowns. On November 9, 2002, he amassed 91 yards, including a 63 yard run for a score, against the Kentucky Wildcats at Common wealth stadium. His performance helped to set the stage for The Bluegrass Miracle, a "miraculous" 74-yard game-winning touchdown pass from quarterback Marcus Randall to wide receiver Devery Henderson as time expired on the last play of the game. (Cited from LSUsports.net) Addai's sophomore season proved to be a banner year for LSU. Led by coach Nick Saban the Tigers won the BCS National Championship, the first national championship for LSU since 1958. Addai ranked second to freshman Justin Vincent in rushing, gaining 520 yards on 114 attempts. He led LSU's early season 59-13 rout of the Arizona Wildcats with an 86 yard, two touchdown performances. In 2004, he rushed for 680 yards on 101 carries and caught 24 passes for 294 yards, scoring a total of seven touchdowns. He stood out against the Alabama Crimson Tribe in a 26-10 Tiger Stadium victory on the13th of November. He led the team in rushing with 99 yards and added another 46 yards receiving, as well as scoring two of the three Tiger touchdowns. for the day. The following week he team ed with Alley Broussard (250 yards on 26 carries) to lead the Tigers to a 27-24 victory over the Ole Miss Rebels. Addai's 107 yards was part of an impressive 360 yard ground attack by the Tigers. During his senior season, Addai led the team with 911 rushing yards on 187 carries, scoring nine touchdowns. The highlight of the regular season was a 21-17 victory over the Florida Gators in front of a record-setting 92,402 crowd. Addai sealed the victory for LSU with a three yard touchdown run with 6:27 remaining on the clock. His career-best effort combined 156 yards rushing on 32 carries with 37 yards receiving on 3 catches. Joe Addai completed his tenure at LSU with an impressive game in the Chick-fil-A Peach Bowl. In the Tigers' 40-3 victory over the Miami Hurricanes, he gained a total of 135 yards and scored twice. Joseph Addai graduated from LSU in December 2005 with a degree in General Studies. Things aren’t supposed to be easy for an NFL rookie, but it’s hard to argu e that Joseph Addai’s first year was a breeze. Selected in the first round of the 2006 NFL draft by the Indianapolis Colts, Addai finished with 1,081 yards on 226 carries and seven rushing touchdowns while sharing the backfield with veteran Dominic Rhodes. He also caught 40 passes in the Colts’ pass-happy offense and averaged 8.1 yards per catch. (Cited from bullz-eye.com) Addai’s regular season performance carried into the postseason where he gained 217

Mr. Ps Case Study Solution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mr. Ps Case Study Solution - Essay Example As the report stresses  the primary objective being treatment of the patient is important for the patient and his wife to comply with the prescribed medication with the help of an outpatient’s nurse supervision. The medications include ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers, which will improve the health of the patient by stabilizing the patient for more therapeutic measures.This discussion declares that  most patients suffering from CHF diseases are adamant to undertake medication while in hospitals since they pray for their demise. Mr. P’s condition is similar, thus there is need for the patient to receive home care from his wife or the wife may hire a caregiver. The home care will involve contacting the nurse daily after referral and a weekly outpatient nurse’s visit to ensure the patient is in good condition. The patient and the caregiver should be educated on the various ways to improve the health of the patient and the consequences of failure to oblige with t he medication plan. Psychological education is important to ensure that the patient and the caregiver learn to accept the disease. The caregiver will acknowledge the essence of keeping constant communication and trust with the patient that will reduce the pain experienced due to depression and despair.  The patient will learn to become friendlier with the caregiver thus building a bond that will enable decision making easier for both parties and solve depression issues. The caregiver will learn the importance of trusting the patient on some decision making to enhance the patient feeling valuable.

Statistical techniques in engineering Management Essay

Statistical techniques in engineering Management - Essay Example (d) Since central limit theorem uses a sample of the population that is chosen at random it will not affect the location and the spread of the data. The data will follow the same normal distribution curve as the entire population. The mean, median and mode will be the same or approximately the same as that of the entire population. (b) Fixation indices- is the description of the expected level of heterozygosity in a given data. It is used to determine or measure the correlation between data drawn from different levels of a subdivided entire set of data. (c) Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)- is set of statistical models and the procedures entailed, in which the variance in one variable is subdivided to different sources of variations. It is commonly used to test average of different groups of set of data. Because if the process inputs are correct and accurate, if the method of calculating and analyzing are correct the process output will be accurate or near accurate. If you concentrate on a process output the inputs might not be correct and even with the correct analysis the the output is bound to be wrong and therefore misleading. (a) Primary Data-this kind of data is collected specifically with its objective in mind. It was collected for a specific purpose. An example is data collected from staff or clients in form of questionnaires or data collected from the variation of a product in a manufacturing process. (b) Secondary data- is data that was collected for a specific purpose but now it is being reused for another different method. For example using questionnaires and initial analysis to calculate the viability of something new or use of initial set of variations results of a product to predict the likelihood of it occurring

HRM-analysis, evaluating, link the corporate strategy with the HRM Assignment - 1

HRM-analysis, evaluating, link the corporate strategy with the HRM strategy of organisation - Assignment Example For an industry to harness the full potential of its employees as a way to succeed in the competitive world, it must alter three factors of managerial control which are; business design, culture and HR practices and policies (Sims, 2006, 34). Currently, several global companies such as Samsung restructured their practices proving a more autonomous environment in order to structure the intangible aspects of the workplace (Truss, 2012 p.266). These intangible factors include beliefs, norms and values. The aim of the essay below is to discuss the strategic human resource management of the world’s largest company Samsung group. The study involves identifying; analysing and evaluating the human resource strategy applied and connect it to HR theories and models. It includes looking at how Samsung implements vertical integration in their human resource department. The objective of the discussion involves identifying and defining the issue at hand. Second, clear comprehension of the concepts, models and theories of strategic human resource management in Samsung. Finally, critical assessment and understanding of the models and theories of strategic human resource management featured in the organisation. For some years, there is a noteworthy rise in the expansion of interest towards strategic management (Cooke, 2003 p.45). The interest leads to the enhancement if concern by various organisation functions towards their responsibility in strategic management process. Therefore, the human resource management became integrated to the strategic management procedure by the development of a new principle referred to as Strategic Resource Management (SHRM). SHRM refers to all the activities impacting the behaviour of people in their efforts to create and implement a business tactic (Henderson, 2011, p.67). Strategic human resource management contains four main attributes, which include: organisation

When You Are Old Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

When You Are Old - Essay Example But famous Irish poet, William Butler Yeats (1865 – 1935) in his poem â€Å"When You are Old† remind us about a person who loved our soul and sorrows. Yeats succeeded in describing the pathetic conditions when somebody becomes old. He says that the dark hairs will be grayed; the youthful active energy will give way for tiredness or sleeping. He says that when you became old, your eyes will not work properly and hence you will not be able to read properly. He reminds us that the old age is all about our youthful and childhood sweet memories. He says that all the sweet memories at the childhood or youth period may be due to the physical attractiveness. Everybody cared or loved you because of your physical specialties Human being is considered to be made of body, mind and spirit. Body and mind believed to be finished by the death of a person while the soul is believed to be alive still. So the love and affection demonstrated towards body and mind will not last long. Most of the people love the happy side of one’s life. The happy side of life will mostly started to diminish once a person getting older and older and hence the love offered by others may also started to diminish. Such love can be termed as temporary. It is under these circumstances, the old person may have to think about a person who loved his soul and sorrows. The love demonstrated towards the soul is the everlasting one since the soul believed to be last forever and hence only that love can be termed as the real or true love. disappear. On the other hand a love shown towards the soul can be considered as the everlasting one since the soul believed to be exists for ever. The poet though his poem â€Å"When You Are Old† mentioned below compares two types of love; physical love and spiritual

King Leopolds Ghost Essay Example for Free

King Leopolds Ghost Essay Between 1880 and 1920, the population of the Congo was slashed in half: some ten million people were victims of murder, starvation, exhaustion, exposure, disease, and a plummeting birth rate. Why do you think this massive carnage has remained virtually unknown in the United States and Europe? During all this death there was only a few who would go down into the Congo because of all its dangers. So with hardly anyone already going down there and those who did brave the dangers would usually come back insane from a disease of some sort, there was just not enough evidence to prove how bad it was really getting even with those who made it out fine. There was also no communication possible only by mail and considering the dangers no persons would risk their life to take a letter to and from the jungle. So how can you, with not enough brave people to go down there, get the information out to the world. But even those who got it out and tried to spread the word would be persecuted for saying such things because nobody wanted to help them because that would put their life in danger. No one in their right mind would even venture down to that part of Africa. So with no phones, pagers, computers, or mail to get the word out and sickness and animals killing most that went down there. Even those who go looking for these camps cannot usually find them because there in rural eras of the jungle which, for some, are impossible to attain. There was just no possible way to get word out to the rest of the world to get help. Now even with all the technology to find and go to them we still don’t hear much of them. We have all the vaccines to fight off all the disease and help the dying people in Africa. So even though we have all that still not much people want to help because they are caught up in the world they are living in and nothing else matters until they get what they need and want. The human race is selfish and only looks out for themselves. Question 6 The European conquest and plunder of the Congo and the rest of Africa was brutal, but so was the European settlement of North America and, long before that, the conquest of most of European by the Romans. Hasn’t history always proceeded in this way? Well yea, history has a way of repeating itself. Nothing only happens one time in history. There is always going to be those crazy Hitler type people out there and those who go power drunk and take over their country and then try to take over the world. And yes, whenever you go exploring a new place it’s going to be difficult. Have you ever heard someone say’ â€Å"I went exploring a new continent and it was easy. † There is so much that goes into exploration. You need tools, maps, guides, protection from animals and natives. Pretty much anything new you do is not going to be easy for you to do. Anything you do needs time, practice, and plans, but most important in needs to be organized. If nothing was organized the world would be in chaos. So yes history has and will be forever keep repeating itself to keep balance and stability to the world. It will always have its ups and always have its downs. It doesn’t matter who or what you do to try and prevent it. God has established the status quo and there is nothing anyone can do about it. Question 13 Hochschild quotes Roger Casements as insisting to Edmond Morel’s â€Å"I do not agree with you that England and America are the two great humanitarian powers †¦ [they are] materialistic first and humanitarian only a century after. † What evidence supports or refuses Casement’s judgment? Would Casement be justified in making the same statement today? Now back in that time we were more of a humanitarian country because first of all we didn’t have all the same technology we did today. Second we were pretty much a new country and we were trying to make a good name for us. Then third we went to war for other which was no cause of our own and all we did was help out less fortunate countrys than us. See now during this time it is a little different. We have all sorts of distractions. We have technology, we have more murder, and we are being more protective of our people. We use to go to war for no cause just to help out but now when we are attacked we don’t want to go to war. So you can say we are and have been a little of both the whole time. Back then we went to war to help people now we are sending missionaries to camps around the world to help people. But in the end let’s hope that we become more

Analysis of E-Tailing Service Quality Essay Example for Free

Analysis of E-Tailing Service Quality Essay Their study focused on the consumers’ purchase and delivery (PD) choices, as part of a broader e ort to understand consumers’ shopping behavior. The present article begins by criticizing the content validity of E-S-QUAL (Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Malhotra 2005), the principal academic measure of e-retailer service quality, which is probably the most important construct in contemporary services research. Joel E. Collier et al. , (2006) in their article extended the work on e-service quality to encompass not only Web site interactivity or process quality but also outcome quality and recovery quality. A conceptual framework of e-service quality is proposed and empirically tested that combines process, outcome, and recovery dimensions. Contrary to previous service quality studies, formative instead of reflective indicators are used to conceptualize e-service quality. Their study found empirical support for the use of formative indicators and the three-dimensional approach to conceptualizing e-service quality. Liao. C, et al. , (2006) evaluated using structural equation modeling. Results show that consumers’ behavioral intentions to continue using a B2C web site are determined by all three key drivers: perceived usefulness, trust, and habit. Furthermore, not all dimensions of web quality have a significant effect on perceived usefulness and trust. Hao-erl Yang,s (2007), study stated that e-quality metric needs continued development and validation when measuring customer’s satisfaction and loyalty in e-shopping environment. Jamie Carlson Aron O’Cass (2009), study examined that impact of e-service quality attributes on the development of flow, and further investigates the impact flow has on consumers’ Website loyalty and word-of-mouth behavior. Most companies try their best to continually satisfy their customers because customer satisfaction seems to be an important barometer of customer’s behavioral intentions and has been regarded as an important antecedent of loyalty. Eduard Cristobal Fransi and Frederic Marimon Viadiu, paper analyzed various elements that influence the purchasing behaviour of online consumers. These elements include the aesthetic aspects of a website and the interactive processes that take place at the time of purchase. The study analyses the expectations and perceptions of a sample of Spanish online customers. On the basis of these attitudes, the sample of respondents is segmented. In addition, the main factors that determine online service satisfaction are identified. The analysis thus allows differentiation of both customers and service quality. The paper concludes with recommendations for online retailers who wish to operate a successful ‘virtual’ retail outlet. Noor et al. , (2007), study explored the internet service quality in service industry particularly in e-ticketing for transportation services. The primary data for this study was collected through web observation. Result shows that appearance and linkages are among the two most important determinants that should be used when measuring the quality of internet services. Through the findings, a guideline of the transportation websites regarding the important features could be developed. The findings show that e-ticketing websites would be an advantage to have all these features in order to increase user satisfaction in doing online transactions. Nittana Sukasame focused on the e-service quality dimensions in successfully establishing ecommerce ventures. Consequently, success is measured in terms of growth rate. The following factors selected from previous studies on e-service quality linked to successful e-commerce entrepreneurs are proposed: content, accessibility, ease of use, reliability, responsiveness, and security. Additionally, the factor linked specifically to e-service domain enhancing automatic tasks such as self-service technology is examined. His study could generate different views on the e-service quality paradigms associating with the competitive success of the e-commerce entrepreneurs.

Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS)

Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) Modern biomedicine advances have impelled the demand of sensitive, accurate and fast analytical techniques for biodetection and biodiagnosis. Many tools ranging from fluorescence spectroscopy, mass spectrometry or immunoassays have been used to resolve analytical problems related with health. Although these techniques are well established, several drawbacks still limit their fully applicability, e.g. prior sample preparation, time consumption or relatively low detection limits[1]. Recent developments in laser technology and nanoscience have converted surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) as one of the techniques with highest analytical potential. The SERS effect is associated to the intense electromagnetic field enhancements provided, upon light excitation, by localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) at the surface of a plasmonic metal with features in the nanoscale range [2]. The Raman signal of the molecules in close vicinity to the metal substrate is enormously intensifie d, allowing sensing applications down to single-molecule [3]. Since its initial discovery, almost 40 years ago, the field of SERS spectroscopy has experienced an exponential growth, renewing the interest within the scientific community[4]. Among numerous potential applications, SERS has emerged as an ultrasensitive tool for detection and identification of biomolecules, such as DNA. [1, 5]. However, although a wide range of indirect SERS-based DNA approaches have been developed (mostly relying on the mediated capture of the target DNA and the use of extrinsic SERS reporters), the direct SERS spectral analysis of unmodified DNA still remains scarcely used, despite the fact that it provides specific, selective and complete vibrational information. The major limitation has been so far the lack of spectral reproducibility at low DNA concentrations. The investigation of the native structure of DNA (especially double-stranded DNA) based on its affinity towards gold/silver substrates was ma inly hindered by the phosphate backbone of DNA, since it is negatively charged at physiological pH. Recently, the spectral reproducibility issue have been addressed by different scientific groups based on the interaction of DNA with negatively charged nanoparticles, which have renewed the interest indirect SERS-based strategies of detection of DNA.[6-9] On the other hand, Alvarez-Puebla and co-workers developed a successful alternative strategy based on the use of positively-charged silver colloids coated with spermine molecules ([emailprotected]).[10, 11] DNA is the carrier of all genetic information in living organisms. Although it is a stable macromolecule, can be subjected to changes such as mutations derived from evolution, genetic diseases or genomic aberrations which can lead to cancer.[12] Apart from the known four canonical bases contained in DNA and RNA, a variety of modified nucleobases play a major role in gene regulation.[13] In higher organisms, epigenetic information for gen regulation is needed in order to determine their functions and properties. 5-methylcytosine is the most investigated modification in mammalian genomic DNA. However, many cytosine variants in DNA regulartory network such 5-formylcytosine, 5-carboxylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine have been recently identified. In fact, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine is produced in mammalian tissues and depleted in human cancer cells.[14] These discoveries have suggested that new nucleotide variants possess epigenetic functions for gen regulation that have been underesti mated. In addition to epigenetic modifications, an ample variety of nucleobase lesions (such as alkylation, oxidation, deamination, and cross-linking) can take place as a result of carcinogen attacks to DNA.[15, 16] In some cases, carcinogens are inherently reactive toward DNA while others require to be firstly metabolically activated to electrophilic intermediates such as phagocyte-generated reactive oxygen, nitrogen and halogen species.[17-19] Anyhow, all these DNA lesions are mutagenic or cytotoxic and, if not properly repaired by the corresponding enzymatic systems, may induce base mispairing during DNA replication.[16] Accumulation of such mutations in genes controlling cell growth, proliferation, programmed cell death, and cell differentiation is likely to cause cancer.[20, 21] Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are possibly the main class of DNA damaging agents, which generates a wide set of different oxidative lesions [22] such as those produced by the direct attack of the highly reactiv e hydroxyl radical (†¢OH) to the nucleobase double bonds. On the other hand, inflammation-induced formation of 5-halocytosines adducts (5-chlorocytosine and 5-bromocytosine), have been identified in DNA from human tissues.[23-27] Importantly, 5-halocytosines could act as fraudulent epigenetic signals, in part explaining the link between chronic inflammation and cancer.[28-33] Due to the recent discoveries of new nucleotide variants with epigenetic functions, an intense research has been directed toward the development of novel methods to detect, profile, and sequence these base modifications in the genome and transcriptome.[34] These strategies span from pure detection and quantification methods (thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis,[35] antibody-based detection,[36, 37] 32P-postlabelling[15] and liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS)[38]) to genome-wide profiling methods and single-base-resolution sequencing methods.[39] A relatively new field in this exciting area is the screening of DNA samples for unknown or unanticipated lesions, which is referred to as â€Å"adductomics†.[40] Nowadays, this sort of analysis is primarily performed with liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution/accurate mass spectrometry (LC−MSn).[15, 40] This technique relies on the fragmentation of protonated modified nucleobases which are then d ifferentiated according to their molecular mass.[15, 40] However, DNA adduct analysis by mass spectrometry is costly and time-consuming since it requires a prior sample preparation which normally involves several standard steps, such as DNA hydrolysis into the corresponding monomers, enrichment of the DNA adducts, removal of unmodified nucleobases and addition of an appropriate internal standard.[40] Extreme caution must be paid to avoid artificial generation of DNA lesions during these processing steps. This research project aims the direct SERS detection of four different cytosine variants in single-stranded DNA sequences, by means of [emailprotected] colloids. 5-methylcytosine (mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC) were investigated due to their epigenetic importance in mammalian DNA. 5-bromocytosine (BrC) and 5-hydroxycytosine (hC) were studied as a representative modification involved in DNA damage. Transition from Raman to SERS The Raman phenomenon is related to the process where inelastic scattered photons are simultaneously emitted upon monochromatic light interaction with a specific molecule (Figure 1a). During the scattering process, a large majority of the photons are scattered at the same incident energy (Raighley scattering), whereas a small part of photons either gain or loose energy (anti-Stokes and Stokes Raman scattering respectively).[41] The resulting Raman spectral bands correspond to vibrational and rotational transitions which are specific to each molecular system providing a vibrational â€Å"fingerprint†. Raman scattering is a weak phenomenon since nearly 1 in 106 1010photons are inelastically scattered[42]. In most of the Raman studies the fraction of the spectrum involving anti-Stokes bands is usually ignored due to the weakness of the bands (Figure 1b). Although the invention of the laser in 1960s implied great improvements in Raman spectroscopy, the lack of sensitivity was stil l a sever limitation. In 1974, Fleischmann et al.[43] observed for the first time an unexpected dramatic enhancement of the Raman signal from pyridine in presence of rough silver electrodes. Later in 1977, a series of independent reports of Jeanmaire et al.[44], and Albrecht et al.[45] explained the origin of such enhancement, which renewed the interest in Raman techniques and paved the way to Surface Enhanced Raman scattering. There are two widely accepted theories that explain the origin of SERS enhancement compared to Raman scattering (Figure 1c): the electromagnetic enhancement (EM) and the chemical enhancement (CE). The EM is considered to be the major contribution of the enhancement and is highly influenced by the characteristics of the metal (composition, shape, size). This EM effect arises upon light interaction with a noble metal surface, generating collective oscillations of conduction electrons named as surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs). The coupling of these LSPRs with the emission of the analyte adsorbed or in close vicinity to the metal surface is responsible for the scattering intensification, which can reach values up to 1010-1011 [41]. In particular, large local electromagnetic fields are observed at the inter-particle junctions (known as â€Å"hot spots†) of noble metal nanoparticles which are in close proximity (mostly Ag and Au). Among others, the EM enhancement drastically decre ases as the distance between the analyte and the metal surface increases [42] which explains the requirement of close proximity between the nanostructured surface and the target molecule. The CE contribution to the SERS signal enhancement is usually weaker and, differently to the EM mechanism, is molecule-specific. In fact, when the analyte adsorbs onto the metallic substrate, a new surface-complex is formed and, new electronic transitions may be possible due to the change in the analyte properties such as the Raman polarizability. These transitions are comparable to the Resonant Raman transitions, which analogously lead to higher Raman cross sections. If both mechanisms (EM and CE) are present, their effect is assumed to be multiplicative[46]. Figure 1.(a) Schematic comparison between Raman and SERS effects (b) Raman and SERS spectra of Rhodamine G (c) SERS enhancement mechanisms***. 1.2 SERS substrates For SERS applications, noble metals substrates (mostly silver and gold) must contain features in the nano-range scale (not higher than the excitation wavelength). In fact, whereas large nanostructures highly hamper the LSPRs, too small nanostructures cannot support these plasmon resonances, leading to low enhancement factors [41]. During the past years great efforts have been made to coherently engineer SERS substrates. Two main approaches have been used for the design of SERS substrates: top down approaches, involving mainly lithographic techniques, and bottom up approaches.[47] Top down approaches allow the controlled manipulation of interparticle gaps and relatively simple functionalization of metal surfaces. In the case of bottom up approaches, nanoparticles are chemically synthetized and subsequently assembled in suspension or in ordered manner. In this context, silver and gold nanoparticles are the most used SERS-active substrates due to their outstanding optical response. Noteworthy, the LSPRs of silver substrates cover a wider wavelength range (comprising most of the visible and nearinfrared spectral region) than gold substrates. Below 600 nm, gold nanoparticles mostly absorb the incident light, hampering the surface plasmon resonances in this spectral range. [48] On the other hand, gold nanoparticles are more stable under oxidative conditions, easily prepared and with high potential tunable plasmon properties. [49] 1.3 SERS instrumentation Current dispersive Raman instruments are coupled with microscopes and several laser beam lines as excitation sources. The choice of the excitation wavelength (mainly from the visible to NIR) depends strictly on the application. An important factor to take into account when performing a SERS measurement, is the Raman scattering efficiency since it depends on the fourth power of the frequency[50]. Therefore, shorter wavelengths improve the Raman sensitivity although the risk of fluorescence or sample degradation also increases and has to be considered [51]. In this particular set-up and in most modern Raman spectrophotometers, the inelastically scattered light is collected at 180o geometry. In the confocal unit, the light from the laser initially passes through a pinhole aperture. This light is then delivered through the notch filters (interference filters) where it is completely reflected into the microscope and reaches the sample through the beam splitter. Then, the inelastically scattered light passes back through the same optics, a monocromator and finally reaches de CCD detector. The Rayleigh scattering is efficiently blocked by the notch filters.

Canine First Aid :: essays research papers fc

FIRST AID FOR DOGS The aims and rules of first aid First Aid treatment is based on three aims and four rules. Aims 1. To preserve life 2. To prevent suffering 3. To prevent the situation from deteriorating Rules 1. Don ¡Ã‚ ¦t panic 2. Maintain airway 3. Control haemorrhage 4. Contact a vet The limitations of first aid The goal of first aid is to help the patient as best as you can - no more than that. First aid should only be used to preserve life until a veterinarian can be found. It must be remembered that not all patients can be saved: some will die. The following is a guide for basic first aid in various situations involving dogs. Poisoning Many items found in the home and garden can be poisonous to animals and it is vital that you know what to do if you suspect the dog has been poisoned. There are three ways for dogs to get poisons into their system: „h Ingestion „h Inhalation „h Absorption It is important to bring the following to the vet if you suspect a dog has been poisoned: „h Packaging „h Note of approximate amount taken „h Time taken This will help to speed up the process of treating your dog. Ingestion (non-corrosive) If the dog has ingested a non-corrosive poison vomiting should be induced. There are various ways to induce vomiting, these include: „h Salted water „h Mustard and water „h Washing soda „h Rompun injection (by veterinarian) „h Wash out stomach (by veterinarian) Ingestion (corrosive) If a corrosive poison has been ingested it is vital that it is given a substance to either dilute or demulcent. To dilute: „h Water To demulcent: „h Milk „h Olive oil Inhalation If the dog has inhaled a poisonous substance you should do the following: „h Get into fresh air „h Keep warm When the dog gets to the vet they should have oxygen therapy. Absorption If the dog has absorbed poison (such as from chemicals on the fur) the following action should be taken: „h Wash the dog, making sure to wear protective clothing „h Stop the animal from licking itself It is important to not use any chemicals when washing substances from the dog ¡Ã‚ ¦s coat. If you are unsure if your dog has been poisoned If you are unsure if your dog has been poisoned, look out for the following symptoms: „h Breathing difficulty „h Unusual actions „h Digestive upset „h Irregular heart, rapid, or weak „h Shivering „h Convulsions „h Salivation There are many different types of poisoning; each will affect your dog differently. Many do not produce immediate symptoms. Do not make the dog vomit if it is a corrosive poison or you do not know what kind of poison the dog has consumed.

Standards of Living Essay -- Economics Essays

Standards of Living In "Stone Age Economics" Marshall Sahlins contrasts the economic strategy of industrial societies to hunter-gatherer societies. In doing so he dispels former ideas that hunter-gatherer societies are poor, unhappy and hungry. He explains this by asserting a number of relevant points. First, in an industrial society, a person’s wants are extremely high, while his/her means are limited. Industrial products are created to close this gap between wants and means. In a hunter-gatherer society (the Zen road to affluence as Sahlins describes it), a person’s wants are low, while the technical means to satisfy these wants are adequate. In this case the standard of living is low compared to industrial societies but the people are satisfied when it comes to material objects. In their eyes they have plenty (Sahlins, 1972:2). Prior to the 1970's many believed that hunter-gatherer societies were poor and unhappy. Westerners believed that these groups lived inadequately with scarce resources. However, Sahlins states that it is modern capitalist societies that are dealing with scarcity as they have placed such an emphasis on material goods. Consumption in this case has lead to inadequacy and eventually deprivation in industrial societies (Sahlins, 1972:4). In Sahlins’ example " every purchase of something is a foregoing of something else" (Sahlins, 1972:4). However, in a hunter-gatherer society, there is no such thing as material wealth, and therefore no deprivation, or unhappiness. "Hunters are in business for their health. . . bow and arrow are adequate to that end" (Sahlins, 1972:5). In hunter-gatherer societies, material wealth has become a burden as it suppresses their highly mobile lifestyle. In this... ... and alcohol. All of these factors have altered their mobile, reciprocal way of life and has brought on many conflicts as well as a stationery life. The results of these changes emphasize how the Ju (and other hunter-gatherer groups) have maintained a successful lifestyle by mobility and foraging. Their standard of living has dropped with the onset of western ideas and technologies. Many of them remember the old way of life, but how will they return to that? I feel that it is important to learn from the Ju and other hunter-gatherer groups. Not everyone can live as we, in the technological, highly industrial, capitalistic society, can. My question is, as different parts of the world are influenced by capitalism can governments support hunter-gatherers in a capitalistic society and will there ever be a return to this way of life by people like the Ju/’hoansi?

The Whiskey Rebellion Essay -- American History

The end of the American Revolution wasn’t the end of political turmoil in the United States. In the years after the Revolution, political parties formed and disbanded, rebellions started, and even celebrations became increasingly political. Each political faction had a different idea of what the Revolution meant and what the future of the country looked like. The conflicting views of American politics began to manifest in holiday celebrations, governmental affairs, and even rebellions. The Whiskey Rebellion was created from many issues, not just the excise tax on whiskey. Farmers in western Pennsylvania blocked roads to prevent tax collectors from reaching them and to show their disdain for the taxes placed on the farmers that they couldn’t pay. Western Pennsylvanians felt democracy was being undermined by the state and nationals governments. They also believed the government favored the wealthy. Revolutionary veterans were angered over the payment of war debt IOUS. Most IOUs had been bought by the upper class, which had to power to demand they be paid in full, while they had paid the original owners of the IOUs a fraction of its value. The government obliged them by creating the Funding Act of 1790 to raise money to pay the war debt IOUs. To protest the unfairness of the government, a militia of about 9,000 troops gathered and began a peaceful march to Pittsburgh. Federalists were worried that what had happened to France (revolution and execution of their k ing) would happen to the United States if protest against the Funding Act and whiskey tax wasn’t put down. The protestors didn’t see themselves as insurgents like the Federalists did. They believed they were defenders of liberty. No force was needed by the government though. O... ...Carolina Press, 1997), 129; Lecture notes, November 17, 2011; Waldstreicher, Perpetual Fetes, 129; Eric Nellis, The Long Road to Change: America’s Revolution, 1750-1820 (Ontario: Broadview Press, 2007), 221; Lance Banning, Liberty and Order: The First American Party Struggle, (Indianapolis: Liberty Fund, 2004), 225. Waldstreicher, Perpetual Fetes, 144-147; Bouton, Taming Democracy, 246; Waldstreicher, Perpetual Fetes, 113; Bouton, Taming Democracy, 244-52. Waldstreicher, Perpetual Fetes, 38; Waldstreicher, Perpetual Fetes, 71; Waldstreicher, Perpetual Fetes, 118-23; Lecture notes, November 29, 2011; Waldstreicher, Perpetual Fetes, 92-93; Waldstreicher, Perpetual Fetes, 205. Waldstreicher, Perpetual Fetes, 297. Waldstreicher, Perpetual Fetes, 83-84; Waldstreicher, Perpetual Fetes, 166-68; Waldstreicher, Perpetual Fetes, 232-34; Bouton, Taming Democracy, 250.

Perfume Suskind

Interactive Oral: Debate Title: How was your understanding of cultural and contextual considerations of the work developed through the interactive oral? The setting of Perfume was crafted accordingly to author’s intention so that the main character would develop specific characterizations that will later on, lead him to make a decision whether to live or to die.Suskind does this by placing Grenouille, who has a keen sense of smell in the 18th century France and distinctively allowed the plot to develop and establish in a setting of a malodorous and a scent-conscious society, where people were obsessed with pleasurable scent and uses it distinguish themselves within the hierarchy. In addition, Suskind hinted that smell is depicted more than merely the ingredients of a perfume but could also be a resemblance as the scent of a person’s soul, thus he made a correlation between the existences of with the existence of a person’s soul.Hence in Perfume, scent has become the crucial factor in determining the human soul, the identity of oneself. Suskind also made a point where your own smell will give away your identity like the poor would have malodorous smell but ironically, he decided to leave the main character scentless. Grenouille was isolated simply because in the eyes of the society, he does not have the substance (body odour) that established his identity as a human being. Moreover, Grenouille also decided to detach himself away from the society because he does not have the need to establish relationships.Through isolation and detachment, Suskind have effectively molded the main character’s psychological state of mind by limiting Grenouille’s knowledge and only allowed him to gain knowledge through smell and scent rather than language itself so that Grenouille only understood that things that smells, exist. During an epiphany and Grenouille’s encounter with the â€Å"fog†, he discovered and learnt the truth that h e does not bear a smell or scent (based on his knowledge and understanding) and he belonged nowhere within the hierarchy, he felt his own personal identity is hindered almost as though he does not fully exist.The cumulated awareness has aided him to realize upon the ultimate truth that he was indeed born scentless and can never own a scent. Upon discovering and understanding the final truth, he decided that his existing life has bared no significance to himself, hence leading to his choice to die. Perfume was written in such a way that it indirectly criticizes the human’s nature – the endless greed through Grenouille, where he chooses to pursue after something that is beyond his competence. (408) Grenouille reached an epiphany when he encountered the â€Å"fog† in his dreams.The fog indirectly symbolizes as the ultimate truth which he has not explored and fully implicit. Grenouille only understood that he could not smell the fog hence the fog implies as a non-ex istent thing. This is how he had a realization that he is nonexistent. Again Suskind successfully correlate scent as identity. The moment he realized that the fog is a part of him, he had internal conflicts where he understood that he does not have an identity based on his understanding. He realized that he belonged nowhere in the hierarchy – hence only understood that his personal identity is hindered because he does not have smell of his own.When Grenouille realized that he was scentless and found himself to be nowhere within the category, he felt his own personal identity is hindered almost as though he does not fully exist. Hence such understanding has led him to an internal conflict where he realized that he was born scentless and his created scent could never be his thus leading to his choice to die. The setting was crafted in such way that it affects the main character’s psychological state of mind and its characterizations towards the choices. (332)

Tax on Producers and Consumers

Question 1 Figure 1. 1- A tax on Producers a) i) Equilibrium Price and Quantity before tax: 100-10Q = 20 +10Q ? 20Q = 80 ? Q = 4 When Q = 4, P = 60 ? Equilibrium price equals $60 and equilibrium quantity is 4 million ii) Consumer Surplus = ? x 4 x 40 = 80 Producer Surplus = ? x 4 x 40 = 80 iii) An efficient market occurs when total surplus is maximized. This equilibrium of P = 60 and Q = 4 has maximized consumer and producer surplus equally. It is at this point where the marginal cost of production equals marginal benefit.Question 1 cont. b) i) After imposing a tax of $20, being levied on the producers, the price paid by buyers is $70 and the price received by sellers is $50 per unit of mobile phones sold at the reduced quantity supplied of 3 million. This is illustrated in figure 1. 1 with the shift in the supply curve from S1 to S2. ii) Consumer Surplus = ? x 3 x 30 = 45 Producer Surplus = ? x 3 x 30 = 45 iii) There is a decrease in the total surplus after the implementation of a t ax on mobile phones.A substantial portion of the total surplus has been redistributed to government tax revenue, however, there is a deadweight loss. Marginal social benefits exceed marginal social costs, resulting in inefficiencies within the market for mobile phones. c) Expected Total Revenue = 3 x 20 = $60 million Expected Deadweight Loss = 2 ( ? x 1 x 10 ) = $10 million d) The distribution of real incidence is the amount of burden of a tax shared between the buyer and seller. This proposed tax shares the burden of the $20 equally between buyers and sellers.The distribution of real incidence on buyers is a $10 rise in the price paid on sellers is the $10 decrease in price received for each mobile phone. e) Elasticity of Demand = Ave. P x ? Q Ave. Q ? P = 65 x (-1) 3. 5 10 = -1. 857142857 ? Elasticity of Demand equals 1. 857 The Elasticity of demand is greater than one which means the demand for mobile phones is elastic. The percentage decrease in the quantity demanded exceeds the percentage increase in price. This tax would mean as there is a 1% increase in price there is a 1. 57% decrease in quantity. There is also a decrease in the total revenue as the price increases. Question 2 |   |Printer |Kilogram of Rice | |Thailand |100 |5 | |India |90 |3 | Figure 2. – Thailand’s Production Possibility Frontier Figure 2. 2- India’s Production Possibility Frontier Question 2 cont. |   |Printer |Kilogram of Rice | |Thailand |36 |1080 | |India |40 |1800 | c) Points seen in Figure 2. and Figure 2. 2 d) – Thailand’s opportunity cost of producing 1 printer is 20kgs of Rice – Thailand’s opportunity cost of producing 1 Kg of rice is 1/20th of a printer – India’s opportunity cost of producing 1 printer is 30kgs of rice – India’s opportunity cost of producing 1kg of rice is 1/30th of a printer Thailand should specialise in the production of printers as it has a higher comparative advantage. Thi s has been achieved as there is a lower opportunity cost in the production of printers in Thailand compared to India.    |Printer |Kilogram of Rice | |Thailand |90 |0 | |India |0 |3000 | Specialisation has lead to an increase in the combined output for both countries. Thailand has increased its printer output by 54 and India has increased rice output by 1200kgs. ) Consumption bundle after trade |   |Printer |Kilogram of Rice | |Thailand |42 |1200 | |India |48 |1800 | Consumption points after trade for countries Thailand and India are labeled â€Å"H† and â€Å"N† in Figure 2. 1 and Figure 2. 2 respectively. Trade has benefited to both countries.Thailand has increased their consumption bundle with an increase in kilograms of rice from 1080 to 1200 and increased its computers from 36 to 42. India has increased their consumption bundle with their increase in printers from 40 to 48. Question 3 Figure 3. 1- Nuclear Electricity Market a) The equilibrium point e1 is infl uenced by inefficient outcomes of a subsidy. The subsidy brings about overproduction, represented by the quantity Q1. This overproduction lowers the price, or private costs of the clean up for the company. Marginal costs are increased as the higher production forces inefficient resource allocation. ) If the subsidy is removed there will be an overall increase in the efficiency within this market. The supply will decrease, illustrated in Figure 3. 1 with the leftward shift in the supply curve from S1 to S2. The private cost of nuclear energy production would reflect the true cost of production, including disaster clean-ups. The increase in price can also be seen in Figure 3. 1 with the price from P1 to P2. There would be a consequent decrease in the quantity of nuclear energy and stop the inefficient overproduction and usage of limited resources. ) If the government imposes an insurance levy tax on the power company the cost of a nuclear clean-up will be higher than the cost with a c lean-up subsidy but will be lower than costs incurred if the power company had to absorb the entire financial burden. The insurance levy would create a new supply curve, illustrated in Figure 3. 1 with S3, as the reduced cost of a clean-up allows for greater nuclear energy production at a lower price. The quantity increase is seen with the movement from Q2 to Q3 and the decrease in cost of production is seen with the movement from P2 to P3. Question 3 cont. ) The three equilibriums achieved vary in the burden sharing and efficiency of a subsidy, a tax and no intervention in the nuclear energy market. Government intervention with the clean-up subsidy (represented with e1) reduces private costs of production and clean-up. This brings about inefficiencies as the true cost of production, including clean-ups after disasters, is not reflected in price of P1. The reduced cost in this scenario also leads to overproduction and an inefficient quantity of Q1 supplied. The most efficient market where marginal social benefits equal marginal social costs is shown at the equilibrium point e2.The true cost of production including negative externalities is counted for and there is a subsequent increase in price, as the company passes on costs to consumers, with the removal of a clean-up subsidy (seen with the increase from P1 to P2). The increase in price leads to a decrease in the quantity of nuclear energy demanded and a leftward shift in the supply curve from S1 to S2. The imposition of an insurance levy has decreased the price of a nuclear disaster clean-up as the power company is now relieved of part of the entire financial burdens. This decrease in the price of a clean-up is seen in Figure 3. with the decrease in price from P2 to P3. There is an increase in quantity demanded, seen with the increase from Q2 to Q3 and there is an increase in the supply of nuclear energy production. This new equilibrium e3 is not the most efficient point in the nuclear production market but allows for an increase in demand of the most cost effective energy generation The point e3 would be most beneficial to society as there is an increase in efficiencies with the removal of a government clean-up subsidy yet the power company doesn’t wear the entire financial burdens of further nuclear disaster clean-ups.There is an increase in the price of nuclear production, however, this point P3 Q3 represents a fairer and more cost-effective way of reducing the costs of future nuclear disasters as less responsibility has fallen on the producers of this energy. Question 4 a) Figure 4. 1 iii) A population decrease will decrease the demand of this inferior good. This is illustrated in Figure 4. 1 with the demand curve shifting to the left from D1 to D2. An increase in the productivity increases the output quantity using the same amount of input.This increase in supply is seen with the supply curve shift to the right from S1 to S2. The combined decrease in demand and increase in supply has reduced the price of this good from P1 to P2. A new equilibrium, e2, has been formed at the points P2 Q2. Question 4 cont. b) Figure 4. 2 iii) As incomes increase the consumption of inferior goods decrease. This decrease in demand is shown in Figure 4. 2 with the demand curve shifting to the left from D1 to D2 to form the quantity demanded Q2. The increased price of inputs and therefore production costs has reduced the production productivity.This loss of productivity is illustrated through the leftward shift of the supply curve from S1 to S2. A new equilibrium has been formed at the points P2 Q2. Question 4 cont. c) Figure 4. 3 iii) The demand for inferior goods increases as incomes decrease. This increase in demand is illustrated in Figure 4. 3 with the rightward shift of the demand curve from D1 to D2 and the quantity demanded increase from Q1 to Q2. As the number of firms in the market decrease the price competitiveness influence weakens. Less competition allows for an increase in the price, seen in the shift from P1 to P2.The combined influence of an increase in quantity demanded (Q1 to Q2) and increase in price (P1 to P2) has formed a new equilibrium point, e2 (P2, Q2), with the shift in the demand curve to the right. Question 4 cont. d) Figure 4. 4 iii) There is a decrease in demand of the inferior good as the consumer preference for this good decrease. The product is used together with a complement product. An increase in the price of a complement product will also decrease the demand of the inferior good. This decrease in demand is illustrated in Figure 4. with the change from Q1 to Q2 and the shift of the demand curve to the left from D1 to D2. This creates a new equilibrium point e2 at the points P2 Q2. Question 4 cont. e) Figure 4. 5 iii) The increased price of a substitute in consumption increases the demand of the inferior good, illustrated in Figure 4. 5 with the demand curve shift to the right from D1 to D2. The supply quantity of t he inferior product will decrease as the price of a substitute in production increases. There is an increased ability for the supplier to raise profits from the higher price of the substitute while using the same resources.This tendency has therefore decreased the supply of the inferior goods, illustrated with the left of the supply curve to the left from S1 to S2. Figure 4. 5 shows how suppliers are only willing to supply the same quantity if there is an increase in price (from P1 to P2). The increase in demand and decrease in supply of this inferior good has resulted in a new equilibrium point e2 at points P2 and Q2. Question 5 a) There is a tendency for consumers to buy products they know which are used by many other people as it influences customer perception of reliability and value.If a celebrity endorses a product it shows the possible customer how the product has already reached a substantial audience of consumers who are satisfied and willing to show others. b) Inconsistenc y in consumer behavior can be rationalized under the idea of the endowment effect. The endowment effect makes a person value a personal good higher than it costs to buy. Molly has shown this effect as she is unwilling to accept $50 for her poster even though she knows it costs less than $50 for a replacement. c) Figure 5. 1- Max’s Budget Line i) – Price of Hotdog =$1 Price of Hamburger =$2 ii) Slope: PHAMQHAM + PHOTQHOT = Y ? $2QHAM + $1QHOT = $8 ? QHAM + ? x QHOT = 8/2 ? QHAM = 4 -1/2QHOT ? Slope equals -1/2 There is a negative slope (-1/2) of the budget line. The budget line and the Production Possibility Frontier (PPF) are similar as the curve of each represents the maximum quantity of two products which can be obtained using limited resources. Max’s budget line shows the maximum combination quantity of two attainable products with his limited income while the PPF shows the maximum output of two products with a limited amount of input.

Fast Changes in Technology- Excitement or Agony Essay

In 1859, Charles Darwin published his theory of natural selection in which he observed that finches adapted a different beak shape to be able to survive in their environment. Science and technology are our civilization’s beak. A very good afternoon to everyone present here today. I, Shimona Agarwal, Of Scottish High International School, will be speaking today on the topic â€Å"Fast changes in science and technology- excitement or agony† and I am resolutely for the motion. As I am sure that most of you are aware, the global population is increasing at an alarming rate. While just a mere 10 years ago, the world population was 6070 billion, it is now a complete 7 billion. This rate of growing population will become unsustainable in the near future unless science and technology are advanced. Advancements in science and technology have provided humankind with luxuries that have enabled them to live a safe and comfortable living. Only, and only through the rapid changes being made in science and technology, have we been able to increase the average life span of a human being. There are new medical breakthroughs occurring every day, and new innovations are helping mankind lead a safer living. A particular idea that is fast advancing and can prove to be extremely useful is that of using EEG to put the brakes on a moving vehicle. This is a big deal because the normal reaction time for a person to apply the brakes is often too long to prevent an accident. However, by harnessing brain signals via electroencephalography (EEG), most accidents can be prevented. With further advancements, it will be soon possible for humankind to avoid death altogether. Stem Cell Heart Regeneration is such a field where science and technology is fast progressing and showing positive results. See more: how to cite an article For the first time, a human heart has been created using stem cells, a major step forward in organ generation. Scientists used adult stem cells to create a living human heart that they hope will revolutionize transplants. If all goes as planned, the heart will continue to grow and eventually begin beating automatically. Advancements in science and technology are the only way to prevent the eventual collapse of our environment. As the climate changes and pollution increases, we are facing a potential decline of our environment. New advancements, however, are providing us with solutions to save our environment. A recently discussed topic is Paperless Paper. For us stubborn paper lovers, there may soon be a product available that provides the look and feel of paper, with the advantages of a digital device. In fact, the technology is already available, though it hasn’t yet translated into a marketable product. It’s called electronic paper. Before long, the plastic shell of e-readers may not be needed and you’ll be able to handle â€Å"paper†. Another innovation which can prove highly helpful to our environmental problems is a space-based dust cloud which can be used to protect our Earth’s atmosphere. Scottish scientists have proposed to use a giant space-based dust cloud, blasted off an asteroid, to shade the Earth from the sun. This dust-cloud could be large enough to block out 6. 58% of solar radiation that would normally reach the Earth. This would be more than enough to combat any current global warming trends. Waste disposal problems are posing a serious threat to our environment and ecosystem, and science and technology could eventually solve this problem too. Using Plasma Arcs for waste disposal is gaining momentum in the waste disposal industry. Imagine harnessing the power of lightning to turn garbage into glass or into a gas that can be used as an energy source. The advantages include less garbage in landfills, less carbon from incineration, and creating a natural gas power resource. As I come to the end of my debate, I would just like everyone present here to truthfully acknowledge the fact, that without science and technology our lives are never complete. We need technology to advance for civilization to advance. At one point the wheel was the hottest piece of technology around.

Uncontrolled Ambition in Macbeth

It’s good to have ambition, as it’s the foundation of a successful life. Ambition means to have strong desire towards achieving something. Because of this, it’s true that one without ambition will struggle, however sometimes, our own ambitions and desires can change us for the negative. Ambition in its nature can tempt obsessive behaviour, which has a destructive nature of its own. When an ambition purely of passion turns into obsession, it ultimately forces one to only focus on that and do anything to achieve that goal.Shakespeare’s Macbeth is the perfect example of where the theme of obsessive ambition is prevalent. Shakespeare through the protagonist Macbeth conveys how our own desires, if obsessive has a both corrupting and blinding power of its own, ultimately changing things for the worse and destroying everything. Macbeth, as a result of his obsessive quest for power, corrupts his own judgement and motivates him towards immoral actions. It also blin ds him because he becomes very self-centered and begins to ignore Lady Macbeth, destroying his own marriage.Macbeth follows the tragic life of a soldier who is very dedicated and loyal, but does the wrong things when he meets 3 witches that prophesize that he will become a powerful king one day. Macbeth in the play kills so many people because his obsessive ambitions is so corruptive, it takes control of his actions, fueling his many immoral actions. To begin with, when Macbeth hears the prophecies, he is introduced to the idea that he will become king one day. Stunned and baffled, he tells his wife about the prophecy. She tells Macbeth that in order for this prophecy to come true, Duncan, the king must be killed.Initially, Macbeth is very reluctant and hesitant to consider because he isn’t inclined to committing immoral deeds and being violent for a selfish reason. In his mind, he is thinking, I have no spur, to prick the sides of my intent, but only vaulting ambition, which overleaps itself. He explains how it’s just his own ambition that makes him want to do this, but that isn’t a reason to commit treason and defy. Despite this belief, Macbeth ends up agreeing to kill Duncan. From the following, we learn that Macbeth himself strongly desires power on the border of the obsessive as it impairs his own judgement and corrupts it.It essentially motivates him to towards something immoral and treasonous, taking control of his own actions. After the killing of Duncan, he stews in paranoia and lives in constant fear because of his defiance, proving that it does not offer anything pleasantry. Next, after the murder of Duncan, Macbeth realizes that Banquo is a possible threat and contemplates killing because he wants to stay in power. He thinks to himself, But to be safely thus: our fears in Banquo, Stick deep; and in his royalty of nature, Reigns that which would be feared. Whose being I do fear, and under him, my genius is rebuked.Macbeth fears Banquo’s honesty and if Banquo suspects him, he will have to surrender everything. From the following, we learn that Macbeth will go to any limit if it means sacrificing him being in power and eliminating his own doubts and fears, even if it requires deceiving his innocent friend. He now is so powerfully corrupted, he does not realize he has turned into a tyrant who seeks nothing but violence for his own satisfaction, showing how it has taken over him. Afterwards, he wallows in so much guilt for his deception, he has nothing to feel accomplished for.In conclusion, his obsessive ambition drives him to such terrible atrocities that ultimately does not gain him anything. Near the end, he descends into a kind of frantic, boastful madness as a result of this, changing his life for the worse. Macbeth however also ruins his own marriage in his ultimate quest for power. When Macbeth rises in power, Lady Macbeth descends in importance. His quest for power corrupts him so much, he beco mes very self-centered and loses his feelings for his wife. To begin with, Macbeth is unable to give importance to his wife because he obsesses over his enemies and thinks they are out to get him: .Ere we will eat our meal in fear, and sleep In the affliction of these terrible dreams That shake us nightly. Better be with the dead, Whom we, to gain our peace, have sent to peace From this, Macbeth explains that he cannot sleep and has nightmares of people turning against him. He says he feels endless mental torture and cannot live in peace. He has so many fearful thoughts of people plotting against him, he cannot concentrate on Lady Macbeth. His wife descends in importance and all the martial affection and emotional bonding is lost.In fact, Lady Macbeth feels, â€Å"naught's had, all's spent when our desire is got without content. † This proves how she feels ignored and how him being king doesn’t truly benefit their marriage and slowly begins to destroy it. .In conclusio n, Shakespeare’s Macbeth suggests that when our own ambitions go out of control, it has a corrupting power of its own and can change things for the negative, ultimately destroying everything. Man should always strive with ambition, but not to the obsessive where one becomes overambitious. (Elaborate further)

Proposed Solutions for Working Together Essay

â€Å"Most would agree that trait represents a disposition to behave expressing itself in consistent patterns of functioning across a range of situations† (Pervin, 1994). Many things play into the traits that we end up with as adults. These traits have a profound effect on how we interact with groups. Difficulty can always be found when a group is attempting to work together due to variances in personality traits. The key to working together as a group is to understand the differences and similarities that each group member possesses in order to reach the wanted outcome of the group. According to the personality assessments based on the Big Five taken by Team B the similarities in common are vast and the differences are minimal so working together should be easy. As the tests suggest, the team members are mostly agreeable and dependable so when a plan for action is reached then the team will fall in line to handle what needs to be done in order to reach the agreed upon goal. Even though the Big Five can be looked at as limiting the personality to only a five dimensional plane, the basis of the dimensions that are there can tell about the personality of individuals. â€Å"Just as stereotypes bias our perceptions of an out-group, implicit personality theories may bias our perceptions of others† (Friedman & Schustack, 2012). In Team B there seems to be no evidence that there would be limitations to achieving their goals.

Marketing Fundamentals Fall 2012 Midterm Exam Essay

Marketing Fundamentals Fall 2012 Midterm Exam - Essay Example Many of the brand names are available from the three largest producers of soda products, The Dr Pepper Snapple Group, PepsiCo & Coca-Cola Company, are well-intentioned equivalent competitors of each other. The following chart listing these competitors by type or flavor of drink. Many firms seek for a competitive advantage, but few truly realize what it is or how to accomplish and keep it. Competitive advantage is gain by contribution of consumer a superior value than the competitors, by offering lower prices or provided that best quality services or other benefits that give reason for a higher price. The strongest competitive advantage is policy that cannot be imitated by other competitors. Like any company who has effectively endured a century of survival, Coca Cola has had to continue enormously fluent with their pricing strategy. They have the opportunity of a worthy competitor continuously driving them to be better, faster, and smatter. A good or service is measured to be highly elastic if a minor change in price leads to a sharp change in the quantity of Supply or demand. These kinds of products and services are accessible in the marketplace and a person may not necessarily need them in daily life. The Coca-Cola Company uses a different distribution model than all the other FMCG companies. Coca-Cola Company Limited only provides concentrate that actually makes the soft drink through its subsidiaries. This solution is the main ingredient and also is most kept secret recipe ever. It also has number of bottlers all around the globe who obtain the concentrate directly from the company and makes the liquid soft-drink under severe supervision of Coca-Cola Company. Some of the main bottlers of Coca-Cola Company Limited who mostly controls operations of bottling, they are F&N, Swire Group, SABCO etc. commonly known as Anchor Bottlers. After complete bottling operations, this soft drink is efficiently distributed around the world through a very effective

Characteristics of Language in Latino Community Essay

Characteristics of Language in Latino Community - Essay Example Latinos in the US are an example of a language community. Their main language is Spanish, but most of them adapted to English after they migrating to the US. Other than language, Latinos also share the same beliefs and cultural practices. The term Latino refers a section of the United States that originated from Latin America and the Spanish-speaking Caribbean. Latinos trace their history back in 1500 when Spaniards migrated to the US and settled in Texas, Florida and Mexico. Factors that contributed to their migration from Caribbean and Latin America in to the US included expansion of territory by the US, neoliberal economic policies in US, wars and military interventions, and forced cheap labour, among others.Moreover, the history of the Latinos has been overlooked and even forgotten in current discussions and debates over immigration, but it started developing in the late 1980s when more case studies were conducted in New York, Chicago, Texas, Los Angeles and other major cities. H owever, despite the fact that Latinos settled in the US and even adopted their culture, their proximity to the border, constant migration and close ties to their homeland helps them to replenish their culture (Stuart and Hirschberg 443).â€Å"Machismo† is a term that plays an important role among the Latino/Hispanic groups. They use it as a flattering word, which means courage to fight, honour and dignity, protecting ones name, keeping one’s word, respect for others, love for one’s family and affection for children....They use it as a flattering word, which means courage to fight, honour and dignity, protecting ones name, keeping one’s word, respect for others, love for one’s family and affection for children. It can also be used in order to influence a person’s behaviour and to distinguish between sexes. Other examples of word used by Latinos include Corazon which means heart in English, respecto-respect, dignidad-dignity, afecto-warmth and demonstratives, and sensibilidad-sensitivity. The Latinos are said to avoid competition or activities that set them apart from their own group. They claim that standing out among one’s peers places a person in great jeopardy; thus, it should be avoided as much as possible. Latinos say that European Americans are not trustworthy; hence, they teach their children to treat them with a lot of hostility and fear. For this reason, Latinos children do not believe that European Americans professionals want the best for them. Moreover, Stuart and Hirschberg (445), claim that Latinos children are not good at expressing themselves verbally; thus, they are not able to express their emotions to their friends, adults and authority figures. Properties of the Latino language community Since the Latinos started migrating into the US, their population has increased dramatically. Stuart and Hirschberg (448) claim that Latinos were estimated to reach 40 million and become the largest minority g roup in the US by 2010. The most affected states where Latinos have dominated are; New York, California, Texas and Florida. They are now transforming the Unite States into Latino dominated region due their increasing population. Also, they have significantly influenced culture, politics and economy of many states in the US.

BUSSINESS PLAN (GATEWAY TO SNOWTOWN) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

BUSSINESS PLAN (GATEWAY TO SNOWTOWN) - Essay Example In order to reverse this abysmal trend, my plan proposes the design and implementation of a project that will establish two main gateway signs, to be located in two strategic sites in the town. The overall rationale behind this decision is to present Snowtown to commuters before their entry into the district. It will also serve as a quick reference to what is on offer and where it can be obtained within the premise of the city. The project envisages beyond given the town an aesthetic phase lift to also providing a one stop coordinating network of the town’s iconic and signing outlay. To be incorporated in the project is the construction of public services centers at definite locations within the overall framework of the project. Snowtown by virtue of her location is the most preferred route for road users commuting to and fro Adelaide and Port Piere. Owing to this significant advantage, it is incumbent on the city planners to identify how to enhance the comparative advantage of this phenomenon within the established context of road transport. A recent survey indicates that, most travelers know little or nothing about this boisterous town besides cruising through it to their intended destinations. The project therefore, desires to embark on a massive publicity campaign that will showcase the township as an appealing tourism destination that will treat visitors to a delightful exhibition of the rich cultural heritage of Snowtown. It will serve as a platform to tap into the vibrant agricultural legacy for which the township is reputed for. In the case of Snowtown, besides the conventional road signage, there is a conspicuous gap in the provision of other equally relevant information outposts that presents the town in a unique fashion with the view of marketing it. In recognition of the above fact, there has been a remarkable move by government in recent times to explore within available provisions to pursue viable programmes that spurs sustainable economic

Basseri of Iran Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Basseri of Iran - Research Paper Example The author analyzes the aforementioned aspects in a view of general concept of the Basseri tribal organization as an example of tribal chiefdom form. In the end, the conclusion is reached according to which the Basseri may be regarded as one of the vivid examples of this form of societal organization. Keywords: ethnography, nomadic societies, pastoralism, chiefdom, tribe, Basseri Basseri of Iran As the study of the social structure of the Basseri tribe by Barth (1961) is one of the classical examples of the research in the field of ethnography of nomadic peoples of Iran, it is instructive to closely analyze the modern state of the Basseri people. In this essay, I will deal with the various aspects of social life of the Basseri, focusing on their subsistence patterns, but paying appropriate attention to their kinship practices, social and political organization. Accordingly, the essay will be divided into four sections in which the relevant aspects will be analyzed. My basic argument with regard to the Basseri is that they represent a stage of development transitional between the primitive lineage form and more developed chiefdom organization, which is itself a necessary prerequisite to the fully stratified society, and the organization of the essay will reflect that argument. Subsistence Mode The traditional mode of subsistence of the Basseri strongly depends on the use of extensive pastures, as the pastoral produce is the most important component in the maintenance of their socio-economic structure. Their socioeconomic structure evolved on the basis of limitations and opportunities provided by the climate and ecological conditions of South Iran; therefore, their economy is strongly dependent on following the patterns of natural changes. As Cohen (1976) observed, the subsistence of the Basseri nomadic community is generally derived from their herds of sheep and goats, while the use of dairy products and the meat obtained through market exchange with the surroun ding populations complement it (p. 276). The Basseri also use the other domesticated animals, including horses, dogs, donkeys and camels, but they do not play direct role in the subsistence of the tribe. The migratory patterns of the tribe are especially interesting from the point of view of the researcher. According to Barth (1961), the forced sedentarization of the Basseri under the reign of Reza Shah led to the decline of their economic life, and it was only after 1941 that they returned to their traditional migratory practices (p. 3). The traditional territories of the Basseri lie in the hot and arid lands near the Persian Gulf, encompassing both salty deserts of Larestan at elevations of 2,000 to 3,000 ft. and the mountainous areas near Kuh-i-Bul, with the highest altitude of 13,000 ft. (Barth, 1961, p. 3). The diversity of this terrain forces the Basseri to undergo seasonal migration so as to provide subsistence to their flocks of sheep and goats. According to Cohen (1976), th e area of the tribe’s migration stretches from the southwestern part of the Iranian Plateau to the coast of Persian Gulf, going through the Zagros Mountains (p. 276). With the beginning of the summer, the Basseri begin their coordinated movement from the lands adjacent to the Gulf to the territories of their winter pastures, where the climate allows the flocks of their

First Solar Turns Sunshine into Profits Case Study

First Solar Turns Sunshine into Profits - Case Study Example Key Marketing Issues As a new entrant to some of Europe’s and North America’s markets, First Solar has some crucial marketing issues to consider. Three of these key marketing issues can be identified as: Identification of marketing forces that would be of greatest advantage to the entry that the company is seeking to undertake Identification of key market competitors and how to develop long term competitive advantages over these competitors How to integrate the advantages of technology into the marketing strategy of the company; so as to have the full benefit of the paradigm shift being created with advanced technology. 1 Which marketing environment forces are likely to have the greatest impact on First Solar? The generalized marketing environmental forces that are likely to affect the competition that First Solar brings on board has to do with external forces that generally inform the decision making cycle of consumers (Marshall, 2008). By this, reference is being made to such factors or forces as economic situation and environmental impacts. First, it would be noted that First solar is operating in a globalised market that is fast becoming concerned with the need to raising market product and service that are highly affordable. This is because of the increasing hardship that the global economy seem to be recording. Experts believe that there continues to be economic hardships among most consumers of energy products as an auxiliary effect of the global economic crunch that was experienced some few years back (The Gleaner, 2008). Because of this, consumers and clients of various products and services are always looking for value for money. With this situation in mind, there is certainly going to be an environmental phenomenon whereby buyers are going to opt for First Solar’s line of product as they are comparatively cheaper to existing sources of energy such as non-renewable energy. Again, there is an environmental impact that is largely go ing to impact on First Solar in a positive way. 2 What types of organizations are most likely to exert the strongest competitive forces on First Solar? Energy companies that introduce products that have alternative resource raw material are likely to face strong competitive force from existing competitors who use the alternative resource raw materials (Baxter, 2005). There is therefore going to be the threat of substitute products or services. In the case of First Solar, it would be realized that their major resource raw material is the use of solar energy. Meanwhile, there are alternative sources of resource raw materials in the renewable energy production industry. Dominant among these resource raw materials is the use of wind energy. Therefore, there is going to be a competitive force from existing competitors who are into the production of wind based renewable energy. Secondly, new entrants have always acted as major competitive forces to existing competitive who might have had long history of doing business such as First Solar (Marshall, 2008). This is because new entrants have a number of factors that pull consumers to them. For instance consumers who are on existing companies would like to compare service and product quality and so may opt for new entrants for a while. Again, new entrants come in with new sources of capital and so often have an economic advantage (Brown, Steven and. Sauder, 2008).

Demand and Supply of Oil Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Demand and Supply of Oil - Case Study Example As with any commodity, pricing is determined by demand-supply dynamics, with the market price being set where demand levels equal supply levels (Rowling, 2014). As basic economics would have it, the price would go up if there is an excess supply of the commodity. Same is the case of oil in international markets. The United States, once the highest importer of oil, is now sitting on the largest oil reserves in the world to such a great extent that it has become an oil exporter itself. With so much excess supply and lack of demand, oil prices were bound to face an upward trajectory. Â  What is rather more interesting is that OPEC countries supply around 40% of the world’s oil output. Rather than curbing output in a bid to push up declining prices, Saudi Arabia, the largest contributor of oil within the OPEC, has pleaded to maintain its output levels at the same levels instead of decreasing them in a bid to capture market share. According to statistics, if production continues at the same levels from OPEC and other oil producing countries, then this would translate into a major stock-pile of oil in the first half of the calendar year 2015 to 2 million barrels of oil per day (Rowling, 2014). Again if one understands basic economics, this could mean a further slash in oil prices in the upcoming year. Â  According to my own opinion, there needs to be a proper interaction between real demand and real supply so that an efficient price of oil could be determined. At the current levels where oil prices are going down to new lows in recent times, there is a possibility of consumers over consuming the commodity when they don’t even need to. What needs to be understood here is that oil is a depleting commodity and it has finite reserves. One day these reserves would run out and we would be left with no alternative.